Laboratory Tests

Examinations Of Enlarged Prostate


At our 3D Prostate Clinic, we use a full set of laboratory tests for the diagnosis of enlarged prostate.

1) Ultrasound: Using ultrasound to check the shape, structure, and size of the prostate. After measured the form, structure, and size of the prostate. After measuring the transverse,antero-posterior, and longitudinal diameters of the prostate, the prostate volume is equal to 0.523 multiply by the product of the three diameters. Transrectal ultrasound(TRUS) is not only used to diagnose whether the prostate is enlarged or not, but also observe intuitional pathological changes in the prostate, such as infection, hyperplasia, nodules, cysts, calcification and stones, etc.

2) Digital Rectal Examination (DRE): DRE will be done after emptied the bladder. To check the tension of anal sphincter (which is different from neurogenic bladder) and the prostate condition, including the shape, the size, and the texture of the prostate, also to see if there are nodules or does the patent have touching pain from the massage or not. When the prostate is enlarged, the gland can increase in length and/or width with smooth surface, distinct edge, medium hardness and elasticity of the texture, the central sulcus is fading or disappeared. The size of a normal prostate is like a chestnut. Degree I enlarged prostate is like an egg, and Degree II enlarged prostate is like an duck egg, and Degree III enlarged prostate is like a goose egg.

3) Laboratory testing: High white blood cells count in urine routine test shows urinary tract infection. High white blood cells count in prostate fluid and semen routine examination shows prostatitis and spermatocystis. High urea nitrogen and creatinine shows impaired renal function.

4) A full set of lab testing to identify the causative pathogens:

The doctors at our Clinic take a number of samples for the causative pathogens testing, which include urethral secretions, prostate fluid, semen, and blood, etc. This sampling process, then combined with our extensive testing methods, allows us to accurately identify the causative pathogens.The common causative pathogens of urinogenital infection include: Staphylococcus Aureus, Hemolytic Streptococcus, Gonococcus, Bacterium Aeruginosum, Corynebacterium, Escherichia Coli, Proteus, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Tubercle Bacillus, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Virus, Fungus, and Trichomonas, etc.

5) Determination of residual urine: The normal bladder volume is 350 to 500 ml. The residual urine after urination should be less than 10ml. When the residual urine is over 30ml, shows pathological condition. Simple and atraumatic method is abdominal ultrasound.

6) Urodynamics: Urodynamics can make objective evaluation to the urination function. During the examination, 250 t0 400 ml is the best urine volume, 150 to 200 ml is the minimum urine volume. The biggest uroflow rate is 15ml/s.

7) Cystoscopy: The normal distance from the seminal hillock to the bladder neck is 2cm. When the prostate is enlarged, the posterior urethra will be extended, the urethra will be pressed and crack will form. The bottom of the bladder will sink, trabecula, cella or diverticulum will form in the bladder wall.

8) Prostate Specific Antogen (PSA): Prostatitis, prostate enlargement and prostate cancer all can make PSA increase. Normally PSA>4 ug/L is the critical value that’s used to screen prostate cancer. When the PSA result is between 4 to 10ug/L, it’s called the grey area, it can be prostate cancer or prostate enlargement. When PSA is over 10ug/L, the possibility of prostate cancer is utmost. When checked by digital rectal examination (DRE) and transrectal ultrasound, and prostate nodules are detected, and PSA is over 10ug/L, prostate biopsy is required to diagnose or exclude prostate cancer.

 

2015-10-16 Admin